CALL, which is short for Computer Assisted Language Learning, has changed its shape in time as the technology developed. In this post, we will take a look at how it has evolved in time briefly.
In the 1940s, the computers were used for missile guidance and cryptography in World War II. People started to use mechanical translations but unfortunately, they were not near good yet.
In the 1950s, programming languages were developed and they made it possible for linguists to use computers to create concordances for text analysis in the 1960s.
CALL in the 1960s was shaped by the behavioristic approach. It became really popular between the 1960s and 1970s. CALL was used as a supplement in classrooms.
When the end of the 1970s came, communicative approach began to rise and replaced the behavioristic one. Learning focused more on meaning rather became much more popular than the one focusing on the formal instruction part.
In the 1980s, CALL had more opportunities for learner interaction. Many books about CALL methodology was written around these years, such as Computers in Language Learning (1984) by Higgins and Johns and Underwood’s Linguistics, Computers and the Language Teacher (1984) etc. Also, lots of professional organizations (CALICO, EuroCALL) and journals (CALICO Journal, ReCALL) appeared in this time.
Programs that consisted of games, readings, writings, tests, and puzzles aimed at language teaching were developed. But still, the computers still lacked. They were limited to certain things and couldn’t give important feedback to students.
In the 1990s, the computer programs were redesigned to be a stimulus for the students. They aimed to create some intended behaviors and features in students such as critical thinking and creativity. Learners were more active while using these programs. The use of the internet and LANs became available to more people.
Technology gives us something new and advanced almost every day. Therefore CALL systems keep developing too. How do you think CALL will be in the future?
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this timeline was created by visme |
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